diff --git a/prometeu-compiler/prometeu-build-pipeline/src/main/java/p/studio/compiler/backend/irvm/OptimizeIRVMService.java b/prometeu-compiler/prometeu-build-pipeline/src/main/java/p/studio/compiler/backend/irvm/OptimizeIRVMService.java
index 073f9033..a1c32d3a 100644
--- a/prometeu-compiler/prometeu-build-pipeline/src/main/java/p/studio/compiler/backend/irvm/OptimizeIRVMService.java
+++ b/prometeu-compiler/prometeu-build-pipeline/src/main/java/p/studio/compiler/backend/irvm/OptimizeIRVMService.java
@@ -1,14 +1,25 @@
 package p.studio.compiler.backend.irvm;
 
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
 public class OptimizeIRVMService {
     private final IRVMValidator validator;
+    private final List<IRVMPass> passes;
 
     public OptimizeIRVMService() {
-        this(new IRVMValidator());
+        this(new IRVMValidator(), List.of(new NoOpPass()));
     }
 
     OptimizeIRVMService(final IRVMValidator validator) {
+        this(validator, List.of(new NoOpPass()));
+    }
+
+    OptimizeIRVMService(
+            final IRVMValidator validator,
+            final List<IRVMPass> passes) {
         this.validator = validator;
+        this.passes = passes == null ? List.of(new NoOpPass()) : List.copyOf(passes);
     }
 
     public IRVMProgram optimize(final IRVMProgram input) {
@@ -16,11 +27,41 @@ public class OptimizeIRVMService {
         if (!"core-v1".equals(program.module().vmProfile())) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("unsupported vm profile: " + program.module().vmProfile());
         }
-        validator.validate(program.module(), false);
-        // Baseline pass manager: no-op pass preserving semantic shape.
-        final var optimized = program;
-        validator.validate(optimized.module(), false);
-        return optimized;
+        var current = program;
+        validator.validate(current.module(), false);
+        for (final var pass : passes) {
+            if (pass == null || !pass.enabled()) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            final var beforeProfile = current.module().vmProfile();
+            current = Objects.requireNonNull(pass.apply(current), "pass output");
+            if (!beforeProfile.equals(current.module().vmProfile())) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("pass changed vm profile: " + pass.name());
+            }
+            validator.validate(current.module(), false);
+        }
+        return current;
+    }
+
+    public interface IRVMPass {
+        String name();
+
+        default boolean enabled() {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        IRVMProgram apply(IRVMProgram input);
+    }
+
+    private static final class NoOpPass implements IRVMPass {
+        @Override
+        public String name() {
+            return "NoOpPass";
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public IRVMProgram apply(final IRVMProgram input) {
+            return input;
+        }
     }
 }
-
diff --git a/prometeu-compiler/prometeu-build-pipeline/src/test/java/p/studio/compiler/backend/irvm/OptimizeIRVMServiceTest.java b/prometeu-compiler/prometeu-build-pipeline/src/test/java/p/studio/compiler/backend/irvm/OptimizeIRVMServiceTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5721168c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prometeu-compiler/prometeu-build-pipeline/src/test/java/p/studio/compiler/backend/irvm/OptimizeIRVMServiceTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+package p.studio.compiler.backend.irvm;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import p.studio.utilities.structures.ReadOnlyList;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+
+class OptimizeIRVMServiceTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void optimizeMustExecuteEnabledPassesInDeclaredOrder() {
+        final var order = new ArrayList<String>();
+        final var service = new OptimizeIRVMService(new IRVMValidator(), List.of(
+                namedPass("A", order, true),
+                namedPass("B", order, true)));
+
+        final var output = service.optimize(validProgram());
+
+        assertEquals(validProgram(), output);
+        assertEquals(List.of("A", "B"), order);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void optimizeMustSkipDisabledPasses() {
+        final var order = new ArrayList<String>();
+        final var service = new OptimizeIRVMService(new IRVMValidator(), List.of(
+                namedPass("A", order, false),
+                namedPass("B", order, true)));
+
+        service.optimize(validProgram());
+
+        assertEquals(List.of("B"), order);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void optimizeMustRejectPassThatMutatesVmProfile() {
+        final var service = new OptimizeIRVMService(new IRVMValidator(), List.of(new OptimizeIRVMService.IRVMPass() {
+            @Override
+            public String name() {
+                return "MutateProfile";
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public IRVMProgram apply(final IRVMProgram input) {
+                return new IRVMProgram(new IRVMModule(
+                        "experimental",
+                        input.module().functions()));
+            }
+        }));
+
+        final var thrown = assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> service.optimize(validProgram()));
+        assertTrue(thrown.getMessage().contains("vm profile"));
+    }
+
+    private OptimizeIRVMService.IRVMPass namedPass(
+            final String name,
+            final List<String> order,
+            final boolean enabled) {
+        return new OptimizeIRVMService.IRVMPass() {
+            @Override
+            public String name() {
+                return name;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public boolean enabled() {
+                return enabled;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public IRVMProgram apply(final IRVMProgram input) {
+                order.add(name);
+                return input;
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    private IRVMProgram validProgram() {
+        return new IRVMProgram(new IRVMModule(
+                "core-v1",
+                ReadOnlyList.from(new IRVMFunction(
+                        "main",
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                        1,
+                        ReadOnlyList.from(new IRVMInstruction(IRVMOp.HALT, null))))));
+    }
+}