prometeu-runtime/crates/console/prometeu-system/src/services/vm_runtime/render_manager.rs

use prometeu_hal::app_mode::AppMode;
use prometeu_hal::telemetry::AtomicTelemetry;
use prometeu_hal::{
    FrameId, Game2DFramePacket, RenderOwnership, RenderSubmission, RenderSubmissionPacket,
    ShellUiFramePacket,
};
use std::sync::atomic::Ordering;

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum RenderTransitionState {
    Idle,
    Pending { from: RenderOwnership, to: RenderOwnership },
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum RenderSubmissionError {
    PacketAppModeMismatch { active: AppMode },
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum RenderPacingPolicy {
    FrameScheduled,
    LifecycleDriven,
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum RenderExecutionPolicy {
    LocalSynchronous,
    WorkerCapableWithLocalFallback,
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct RenderPolicy {
    pub app_mode: AppMode,
    pub pacing: RenderPacingPolicy,
    pub execution: RenderExecutionPolicy,
}

impl RenderPolicy {
    pub const fn for_app_mode(app_mode: AppMode) -> Self {
        match app_mode {
            AppMode::Game => Self {
                app_mode,
                pacing: RenderPacingPolicy::FrameScheduled,
                execution: RenderExecutionPolicy::WorkerCapableWithLocalFallback,
            },
            AppMode::Shell => Self {
                app_mode,
                pacing: RenderPacingPolicy::LifecycleDriven,
                execution: RenderExecutionPolicy::LocalSynchronous,
            },
        }
    }

    pub const fn uses_frame_scheduler(self) -> bool {
        matches!(self.pacing, RenderPacingPolicy::FrameScheduled)
    }
}

pub trait RenderSurface {
    fn consume_submission(&mut self, submission: &RenderSubmission);
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct RenderTelemetrySnapshot {
    pub produced_submissions: u64,
    pub replaced_before_consume: u64,
    pub consumed_submissions: u64,
    pub presented_frames: u64,
    pub repeated_presents: u64,
    pub render_errors: u64,
    pub present_errors: u64,
    pub stale_epoch_discards: u64,
    pub shutdown_discards: u64,
    pub last_produced_frame_id: u64,
    pub last_consumed_frame_id: u64,
    pub last_presented_frame_id: u64,
    pub last_dropped_frame_id: u64,
    pub last_error_frame_id: u64,
    pub active_render_epoch: u64,
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
struct RenderTelemetry {
    snapshot: RenderTelemetrySnapshot,
}

impl RenderTelemetry {
    fn record_produced(&mut self, frame_id: FrameId) {
        self.snapshot.produced_submissions = self.snapshot.produced_submissions.wrapping_add(1);
        self.snapshot.last_produced_frame_id = frame_id.get();
    }

    fn record_replaced_before_consume(&mut self, frame_id: FrameId) {
        self.snapshot.replaced_before_consume =
            self.snapshot.replaced_before_consume.wrapping_add(1);
        self.snapshot.last_dropped_frame_id = frame_id.get();
    }

    fn record_consumed(&mut self, frame_id: FrameId) {
        self.snapshot.consumed_submissions = self.snapshot.consumed_submissions.wrapping_add(1);
        self.snapshot.last_consumed_frame_id = frame_id.get();
    }

    fn record_presented(&mut self, frame_id: FrameId) {
        self.snapshot.presented_frames = self.snapshot.presented_frames.wrapping_add(1);
        self.snapshot.last_presented_frame_id = frame_id.get();
    }

    fn record_repeated_present(&mut self, frame_id: FrameId) {
        self.snapshot.repeated_presents = self.snapshot.repeated_presents.wrapping_add(1);
        self.snapshot.last_presented_frame_id = frame_id.get();
    }

    fn record_render_error(&mut self, frame_id: FrameId) {
        self.snapshot.render_errors = self.snapshot.render_errors.wrapping_add(1);
        self.snapshot.last_error_frame_id = frame_id.get();
    }

    fn record_present_error(&mut self, frame_id: FrameId) {
        self.snapshot.present_errors = self.snapshot.present_errors.wrapping_add(1);
        self.snapshot.last_error_frame_id = frame_id.get();
    }

    fn record_stale_epoch_discard(&mut self, frame_id: FrameId) {
        self.snapshot.stale_epoch_discards = self.snapshot.stale_epoch_discards.wrapping_add(1);
        self.snapshot.last_dropped_frame_id = frame_id.get();
    }

    fn record_shutdown_discard(&mut self, frame_id: FrameId) {
        self.snapshot.shutdown_discards = self.snapshot.shutdown_discards.wrapping_add(1);
        self.snapshot.last_dropped_frame_id = frame_id.get();
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
pub struct RenderHandoff {
    pending: Option<RenderSubmission>,
    last_consumed: Option<RenderSubmission>,
    replaced_before_consume: u64,
    discarded_pending: u64,
    stale_epoch_discards: u64,
}

impl RenderHandoff {
    pub fn publish(&mut self, submission: RenderSubmission) {
        if self.pending.replace(submission).is_some() {
            self.replaced_before_consume = self.replaced_before_consume.wrapping_add(1);
        }
    }

    pub fn pending_submission(&self) -> Option<&RenderSubmission> {
        self.pending.as_ref()
    }

    pub fn latest_submission(&self) -> Option<&RenderSubmission> {
        self.pending.as_ref().or(self.last_consumed.as_ref())
    }

    pub fn take_latest(&mut self) -> Option<RenderSubmission> {
        self.pending.take()
    }

    pub fn record_consumed(&mut self, submission: RenderSubmission) {
        self.last_consumed = Some(submission);
    }

    pub fn record_stale_epoch_discard(&mut self, submission: RenderSubmission) {
        self.stale_epoch_discards = self.stale_epoch_discards.wrapping_add(1);
        self.last_consumed = Some(submission);
    }

    pub fn discard_pending(&mut self) -> Option<RenderSubmission> {
        let discarded = self.pending.take();
        if discarded.is_some() {
            self.discarded_pending = self.discarded_pending.wrapping_add(1);
        }
        discarded
    }

    pub fn replaced_before_consume(&self) -> u64 {
        self.replaced_before_consume
    }

    pub fn discarded_pending(&self) -> u64 {
        self.discarded_pending
    }

    pub fn stale_epoch_discards(&self) -> u64 {
        self.stale_epoch_discards
    }
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct RenderManager {
    active_app_mode: AppMode,
    active_app_id: u32,
    active_ownership: RenderOwnership,
    active_policy: RenderPolicy,
    next_frame_id: FrameId,
    handoff: RenderHandoff,
    telemetry: RenderTelemetry,
    transition_state: RenderTransitionState,
}

impl RenderManager {
    pub fn new(active_app_mode: AppMode) -> Self {
        Self {
            active_app_mode,
            active_app_id: 0,
            active_ownership: RenderOwnership::new(0, active_app_mode, 0),
            active_policy: RenderPolicy::for_app_mode(active_app_mode),
            next_frame_id: FrameId::ZERO,
            handoff: RenderHandoff::default(),
            telemetry: RenderTelemetry::default(),
            transition_state: RenderTransitionState::Idle,
        }
    }

    pub fn active_app_mode(&self) -> AppMode {
        self.active_app_mode
    }

    pub fn active_ownership(&self) -> RenderOwnership {
        self.active_ownership
    }

    pub fn active_render_policy(&self) -> RenderPolicy {
        self.active_policy
    }

    pub fn policy_for_app_mode(app_mode: AppMode) -> RenderPolicy {
        RenderPolicy::for_app_mode(app_mode)
    }

    pub fn transition_state(&self) -> RenderTransitionState {
        self.transition_state
    }

    pub fn latest_complete_submission(&self) -> Option<&RenderSubmission> {
        self.handoff.latest_submission()
    }

    pub fn pending_submission(&self) -> Option<&RenderSubmission> {
        self.handoff.pending_submission()
    }

    pub fn replaced_before_consume(&self) -> u64 {
        self.handoff.replaced_before_consume()
    }

    pub fn discarded_pending(&self) -> u64 {
        self.handoff.discarded_pending()
    }

    pub fn stale_epoch_discards(&self) -> u64 {
        self.handoff.stale_epoch_discards()
    }

    pub fn discard_pending_submission(&mut self) -> Option<RenderSubmission> {
        let discarded = self.handoff.discard_pending();
        if let Some(submission) = discarded.as_ref() {
            self.telemetry.record_shutdown_discard(submission.frame_id);
        }
        discarded
    }

    pub fn render_telemetry(&self) -> RenderTelemetrySnapshot {
        let mut snapshot = self.telemetry.snapshot;
        snapshot.active_render_epoch = self.active_ownership.epoch;
        snapshot
    }

    pub fn sync_telemetry(&self, telemetry: &AtomicTelemetry) {
        let snapshot = self.render_telemetry();
        telemetry.produced_submissions.store(snapshot.produced_submissions, Ordering::Relaxed);
        telemetry
            .replaced_before_consume
            .store(snapshot.replaced_before_consume, Ordering::Relaxed);
        telemetry.consumed_submissions.store(snapshot.consumed_submissions, Ordering::Relaxed);
        telemetry.presented_frames.store(snapshot.presented_frames, Ordering::Relaxed);
        telemetry.repeated_presents.store(snapshot.repeated_presents, Ordering::Relaxed);
        telemetry.render_errors.store(snapshot.render_errors, Ordering::Relaxed);
        telemetry.present_errors.store(snapshot.present_errors, Ordering::Relaxed);
        telemetry.stale_epoch_discards.store(snapshot.stale_epoch_discards, Ordering::Relaxed);
        telemetry.shutdown_discards.store(snapshot.shutdown_discards, Ordering::Relaxed);
        telemetry.last_produced_frame_id.store(snapshot.last_produced_frame_id, Ordering::Relaxed);
        telemetry.last_consumed_frame_id.store(snapshot.last_consumed_frame_id, Ordering::Relaxed);
        telemetry
            .last_presented_frame_id
            .store(snapshot.last_presented_frame_id, Ordering::Relaxed);
        telemetry.last_dropped_frame_id.store(snapshot.last_dropped_frame_id, Ordering::Relaxed);
        telemetry.last_error_frame_id.store(snapshot.last_error_frame_id, Ordering::Relaxed);
        telemetry.active_render_epoch.store(snapshot.active_render_epoch, Ordering::Relaxed);
    }

    pub fn record_repeated_present(&mut self, frame_id: FrameId) {
        self.telemetry.record_repeated_present(frame_id);
    }

    pub fn record_render_error(&mut self, frame_id: FrameId) {
        self.telemetry.record_render_error(frame_id);
    }

    pub fn record_present_error(&mut self, frame_id: FrameId) {
        self.telemetry.record_present_error(frame_id);
    }

    pub fn set_active_app_mode(&mut self, app_mode: AppMode) {
        self.transition_render_owner(app_mode, self.active_app_id);
    }

    pub fn transition_render_owner(&mut self, app_mode: AppMode, app_id: u32) {
        if self.active_app_mode == app_mode && self.active_app_id == app_id {
            return;
        }

        let previous = self.active_ownership;
        self.active_app_mode = app_mode;
        self.active_app_id = app_id;
        self.active_ownership =
            RenderOwnership::new(self.active_ownership.epoch.wrapping_add(1), app_mode, app_id);
        self.active_policy = RenderPolicy::for_app_mode(app_mode);
        self.transition_state =
            RenderTransitionState::Pending { from: previous, to: self.active_ownership };
    }

    pub fn acknowledge_transition(&mut self) {
        self.transition_state = RenderTransitionState::Idle;
    }

    pub fn close_frame_with_packet(
        &mut self,
        packet: RenderSubmissionPacket,
    ) -> Result<&RenderSubmission, RenderSubmissionError> {
        let frame_id = self.next_frame_id;
        let submission = match (self.active_app_mode, packet) {
            (AppMode::Game, RenderSubmissionPacket::Game2D(packet)) => {
                RenderSubmission::game2d(frame_id, packet).with_ownership(self.active_ownership)
            }
            (AppMode::Shell, RenderSubmissionPacket::ShellUi(packet)) => {
                RenderSubmission::shell_ui(frame_id, packet).with_ownership(self.active_ownership)
            }
            (active, _) => {
                return Err(RenderSubmissionError::PacketAppModeMismatch { active });
            }
        };

        self.next_frame_id = self.next_frame_id.next();
        if let Some(replaced) = self.handoff.pending_submission() {
            self.telemetry.record_replaced_before_consume(replaced.frame_id);
        }
        self.telemetry.record_produced(frame_id);
        self.handoff.publish(submission);
        Ok(self.handoff.pending_submission().expect("submission was just stored"))
    }

    pub fn close_compat_frame(&mut self) -> &RenderSubmission {
        let packet = match self.active_app_mode {
            AppMode::Game => RenderSubmissionPacket::Game2D(Game2DFramePacket::default()),
            AppMode::Shell => RenderSubmissionPacket::ShellUi(ShellUiFramePacket::new(Vec::new())),
        };

        self.close_frame_with_packet(packet).expect("compat packet matches active app mode")
    }

    pub fn publish_latest<S: RenderSurface>(&mut self, surface: &mut S) -> bool {
        let Some(submission) = self.handoff.take_latest() else {
            return false;
        };
        if submission.ownership != self.active_ownership {
            self.telemetry.record_stale_epoch_discard(submission.frame_id);
            self.handoff.record_stale_epoch_discard(submission);
            return false;
        }
        self.telemetry.record_consumed(submission.frame_id);
        surface.consume_submission(&submission);
        self.telemetry.record_presented(submission.frame_id);
        self.handoff.record_consumed(submission);
        true
    }
}

impl Default for RenderManager {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self::new(AppMode::Game)
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use std::sync::Arc;
    use std::sync::atomic::AtomicU32;

    #[derive(Default)]
    struct RecordingSurface {
        seen: Vec<FrameId>,
    }

    impl RenderSurface for RecordingSurface {
        fn consume_submission(&mut self, submission: &RenderSubmission) {
            self.seen.push(submission.frame_id);
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn frame_closure_assigns_monotonic_frame_ids() {
        let mut manager = RenderManager::new(AppMode::Game);

        let first = manager.close_compat_frame().frame_id;
        let second = manager.close_compat_frame().frame_id;

        assert_eq!(first, FrameId::new(0));
        assert_eq!(second, FrameId::new(1));
    }

    #[test]
    fn latest_complete_submission_wins_without_queue_growth() {
        let mut manager = RenderManager::new(AppMode::Game);

        manager.close_compat_frame();
        manager.close_compat_frame();

        let latest = manager.latest_complete_submission().expect("latest submission");
        assert_eq!(latest.frame_id, FrameId::new(1));
    }

    #[test]
    fn rejects_packet_that_does_not_match_active_app_mode() {
        let mut manager = RenderManager::new(AppMode::Game);

        let err = manager
            .close_frame_with_packet(RenderSubmissionPacket::ShellUi(ShellUiFramePacket::new(
                Vec::new(),
            )))
            .expect_err("shell packet is invalid in game mode");

        assert_eq!(err, RenderSubmissionError::PacketAppModeMismatch { active: AppMode::Game });
    }

    #[test]
    fn app_mode_switch_records_noop_transition_placeholder() {
        let mut manager = RenderManager::new(AppMode::Game);
        let previous = manager.active_ownership();

        manager.set_active_app_mode(AppMode::Shell);

        assert_eq!(manager.active_app_mode(), AppMode::Shell);
        assert_eq!(
            manager.transition_state(),
            RenderTransitionState::Pending {
                from: previous,
                to: RenderOwnership::new(1, AppMode::Shell, 0)
            }
        );

        manager.acknowledge_transition();
        assert_eq!(manager.transition_state(), RenderTransitionState::Idle);
    }

    #[test]
    fn transition_render_owner_increments_epoch_for_same_mode_app_swap() {
        let mut manager = RenderManager::new(AppMode::Game);

        manager.transition_render_owner(AppMode::Game, 7);
        let first_owner = manager.active_ownership();
        manager.transition_render_owner(AppMode::Game, 8);

        assert_eq!(first_owner, RenderOwnership::new(1, AppMode::Game, 7));
        assert_eq!(manager.active_ownership(), RenderOwnership::new(2, AppMode::Game, 8));
    }

    #[test]
    fn close_frame_stamps_submission_with_active_ownership() {
        let mut manager = RenderManager::new(AppMode::Game);
        manager.transition_render_owner(AppMode::Game, 42);

        let submission = manager.close_compat_frame();

        assert_eq!(submission.ownership, RenderOwnership::new(1, AppMode::Game, 42));
    }

    #[test]
    fn render_policy_maps_game_to_frame_scheduled_worker_capable() {
        let policy = RenderPolicy::for_app_mode(AppMode::Game);

        assert_eq!(policy.pacing, RenderPacingPolicy::FrameScheduled);
        assert_eq!(policy.execution, RenderExecutionPolicy::WorkerCapableWithLocalFallback);
        assert!(policy.uses_frame_scheduler());
    }

    #[test]
    fn render_policy_maps_shell_to_lifecycle_driven_local_sync() {
        let policy = RenderPolicy::for_app_mode(AppMode::Shell);

        assert_eq!(policy.pacing, RenderPacingPolicy::LifecycleDriven);
        assert_eq!(policy.execution, RenderExecutionPolicy::LocalSynchronous);
        assert!(!policy.uses_frame_scheduler());
    }

    #[test]
    fn active_render_policy_follows_app_mode_transition() {
        let mut manager = RenderManager::new(AppMode::Game);

        assert_eq!(manager.active_render_policy(), RenderPolicy::for_app_mode(AppMode::Game));

        manager.set_active_app_mode(AppMode::Shell);

        assert_eq!(manager.active_render_policy(), RenderPolicy::for_app_mode(AppMode::Shell));
    }

    #[test]
    fn publish_latest_hands_submission_to_surface() {
        let mut manager = RenderManager::new(AppMode::Game);
        let mut surface = RecordingSurface::default();

        assert!(!manager.publish_latest(&mut surface));
        manager.close_compat_frame();
        assert!(manager.publish_latest(&mut surface));

        assert_eq!(surface.seen, vec![FrameId::new(0)]);
    }

    #[test]
    fn render_handoff_takes_owned_latest_submission() {
        let mut handoff = RenderHandoff::default();

        assert!(handoff.take_latest().is_none());
        handoff.publish(RenderSubmission::game2d(FrameId::new(7), Game2DFramePacket::default()));

        let submission = handoff.take_latest().expect("pending submission");
        assert_eq!(submission.frame_id, FrameId::new(7));
        assert!(handoff.take_latest().is_none());
    }

    #[test]
    fn render_handoff_counts_replacement_before_consume() {
        let mut handoff = RenderHandoff::default();

        handoff.publish(RenderSubmission::game2d(FrameId::new(1), Game2DFramePacket::default()));
        handoff.publish(RenderSubmission::game2d(FrameId::new(2), Game2DFramePacket::default()));

        assert_eq!(handoff.replaced_before_consume(), 1);
        assert_eq!(handoff.take_latest().expect("latest").frame_id, FrameId::new(2));
    }

    #[test]
    fn render_handoff_discards_pending_submission() {
        let mut handoff = RenderHandoff::default();

        assert!(handoff.discard_pending().is_none());
        handoff.publish(RenderSubmission::game2d(FrameId::new(3), Game2DFramePacket::default()));

        let discarded = handoff.discard_pending().expect("discarded pending");
        assert_eq!(discarded.frame_id, FrameId::new(3));
        assert_eq!(handoff.discarded_pending(), 1);
        assert!(handoff.take_latest().is_none());
    }

    #[test]
    fn publish_latest_consumes_pending_but_keeps_observable_last_submission() {
        let mut manager = RenderManager::new(AppMode::Game);
        let mut surface = RecordingSurface::default();

        manager.close_compat_frame();
        assert!(manager.pending_submission().is_some());
        assert!(manager.publish_latest(&mut surface));

        assert!(manager.pending_submission().is_none());
        assert_eq!(
            manager.latest_complete_submission().expect("last consumed").frame_id,
            FrameId::ZERO
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn publish_latest_discards_stale_epoch_before_present() {
        let mut manager = RenderManager::new(AppMode::Game);
        let mut surface = RecordingSurface::default();

        manager.close_compat_frame();
        manager.transition_render_owner(AppMode::Shell, 1);

        assert!(!manager.publish_latest(&mut surface));
        assert!(surface.seen.is_empty());
        assert_eq!(manager.stale_epoch_discards(), 1);
        assert_eq!(
            manager.latest_complete_submission().expect("stale consumed for diagnostics").ownership,
            RenderOwnership::new(0, AppMode::Game, 0)
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn render_telemetry_counts_produced_replaced_consumed_and_presented() {
        let mut manager = RenderManager::new(AppMode::Game);
        let mut surface = RecordingSurface::default();

        manager.close_compat_frame();
        manager.close_compat_frame();
        assert!(manager.publish_latest(&mut surface));

        let telemetry = manager.render_telemetry();
        assert_eq!(telemetry.produced_submissions, 2);
        assert_eq!(telemetry.replaced_before_consume, 1);
        assert_eq!(telemetry.consumed_submissions, 1);
        assert_eq!(telemetry.presented_frames, 1);
        assert_eq!(telemetry.last_produced_frame_id, 1);
        assert_eq!(telemetry.last_dropped_frame_id, 0);
        assert_eq!(telemetry.last_consumed_frame_id, 1);
        assert_eq!(telemetry.last_presented_frame_id, 1);
    }

    #[test]
    fn render_telemetry_counts_stale_repeat_and_error_hooks() {
        let mut manager = RenderManager::new(AppMode::Game);
        let mut surface = RecordingSurface::default();

        manager.close_compat_frame();
        manager.transition_render_owner(AppMode::Shell, 1);
        assert!(!manager.publish_latest(&mut surface));
        manager.record_repeated_present(FrameId::new(9));
        manager.record_render_error(FrameId::new(10));
        manager.record_present_error(FrameId::new(11));

        let telemetry = manager.render_telemetry();
        assert_eq!(telemetry.stale_epoch_discards, 1);
        assert_eq!(telemetry.repeated_presents, 1);
        assert_eq!(telemetry.render_errors, 1);
        assert_eq!(telemetry.present_errors, 1);
        assert_eq!(telemetry.last_presented_frame_id, 9);
        assert_eq!(telemetry.last_error_frame_id, 11);
    }

    #[test]
    fn render_telemetry_syncs_to_atomic_telemetry() {
        let mut manager = RenderManager::new(AppMode::Game);
        let mut surface = RecordingSurface::default();
        let atomic = AtomicTelemetry::new(Arc::new(AtomicU32::new(0)));

        manager.transition_render_owner(AppMode::Game, 5);
        manager.close_compat_frame();
        assert!(manager.publish_latest(&mut surface));
        manager.sync_telemetry(&atomic);

        let snapshot = atomic.snapshot();
        assert_eq!(snapshot.produced_submissions, 1);
        assert_eq!(snapshot.consumed_submissions, 1);
        assert_eq!(snapshot.presented_frames, 1);
        assert_eq!(snapshot.last_presented_frame_id, 0);
        assert_eq!(snapshot.active_render_epoch, 1);
    }
}