2026-03-24 13:40:11 +00:00

821 lines
30 KiB
Rust

use std::convert::TryFrom;
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
#[repr(u16)]
pub enum OpCode {
// 6.1 Controle de Execução
Nop = 0x00,
Halt = 0x01,
Jmp = 0x02,
JmpIfFalse = 0x03,
// 6.2 Pilha
PushConst = 0x10,
Pop = 0x11,
Dup = 0x12,
Swap = 0x13,
// 6.3 Aritmética
Add = 0x20,
Sub = 0x21,
Mul = 0x22,
Div = 0x23,
// 6.4 Comparação e Lógica
Eq = 0x30,
Neq = 0x31,
Lt = 0x32,
Gt = 0x33,
And = 0x34,
Or = 0x35,
Not = 0x36,
// 6.5 Variáveis
GetGlobal = 0x40,
SetGlobal = 0x41,
GetLocal = 0x42,
SetLocal = 0x43,
// 6.6 Funções
Call = 0x50,
Ret = 0x51,
PushScope = 0x52,
PopScope = 0x53,
// 6.7 Heap
Alloc = 0x60,
LoadRef = 0x61,
StoreRef = 0x62,
// 6.8 Periféricos e Sistema
Syscall = 0x70,
FrameSync = 0x80,
}
impl TryFrom<u16> for OpCode {
type Error = String;
fn try_from(value: u16) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
match value {
0x00 => Ok(OpCode::Nop),
0x01 => Ok(OpCode::Halt),
0x02 => Ok(OpCode::Jmp),
0x03 => Ok(OpCode::JmpIfFalse),
0x10 => Ok(OpCode::PushConst),
0x11 => Ok(OpCode::Pop),
0x12 => Ok(OpCode::Dup),
0x13 => Ok(OpCode::Swap),
0x20 => Ok(OpCode::Add),
0x21 => Ok(OpCode::Sub),
0x22 => Ok(OpCode::Mul),
0x23 => Ok(OpCode::Div),
0x30 => Ok(OpCode::Eq),
0x31 => Ok(OpCode::Neq),
0x32 => Ok(OpCode::Lt),
0x33 => Ok(OpCode::Gt),
0x34 => Ok(OpCode::And),
0x35 => Ok(OpCode::Or),
0x36 => Ok(OpCode::Not),
0x40 => Ok(OpCode::GetGlobal),
0x41 => Ok(OpCode::SetGlobal),
0x42 => Ok(OpCode::GetLocal),
0x43 => Ok(OpCode::SetLocal),
0x50 => Ok(OpCode::Call),
0x51 => Ok(OpCode::Ret),
0x52 => Ok(OpCode::PushScope),
0x53 => Ok(OpCode::PopScope),
0x60 => Ok(OpCode::Alloc),
0x61 => Ok(OpCode::LoadRef),
0x62 => Ok(OpCode::StoreRef),
0x70 => Ok(OpCode::Syscall),
0x80 => Ok(OpCode::FrameSync),
_ => Err(format!("Invalid OpCode: 0x{:04X}", value)),
}
}
}
impl OpCode {
pub fn cycles(&self) -> u64 {
match self {
OpCode::Nop => 1,
OpCode::Halt => 1,
OpCode::Jmp => 2,
OpCode::JmpIfFalse => 3,
OpCode::PushConst => 2,
OpCode::Pop => 1,
OpCode::Dup => 1,
OpCode::Swap => 1,
OpCode::Add => 2,
OpCode::Sub => 2,
OpCode::Mul => 4,
OpCode::Div => 6,
OpCode::Eq => 2,
OpCode::Neq => 2,
OpCode::Lt => 2,
OpCode::Gt => 2,
OpCode::And => 2,
OpCode::Or => 2,
OpCode::Not => 1,
OpCode::GetGlobal => 3,
OpCode::SetGlobal => 3,
OpCode::GetLocal => 2,
OpCode::SetLocal => 2,
OpCode::Call => 5,
OpCode::Ret => 4,
OpCode::PushScope => 3,
OpCode::PopScope => 3,
OpCode::Alloc => 10,
OpCode::LoadRef => 3,
OpCode::StoreRef => 3,
OpCode::Syscall => 1, // Variável, mas vamos usar 1 como base ou definir via ID
OpCode::FrameSync => 1,
}
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub enum Value {
Integer(i64),
Float(f64),
Boolean(bool),
String(String),
Ref(usize), // Referência ao heap
Null,
}
impl PartialEq for Value {
fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
match (self, other) {
(Value::Integer(a), Value::Integer(b)) => a == b,
(Value::Float(a), Value::Float(b)) => a == b,
(Value::Integer(a), Value::Float(b)) => *a as f64 == *b,
(Value::Float(a), Value::Integer(b)) => *a == *b as f64,
(Value::Boolean(a), Value::Boolean(b)) => a == b,
(Value::String(a), Value::String(b)) => a == b,
(Value::Ref(a), Value::Ref(b)) => a == b,
(Value::Null, Value::Null) => true,
_ => false,
}
}
}
impl Value {
pub fn as_float(&self) -> Option<f64> {
match self {
Value::Integer(i) => Some(*i as f64),
Value::Float(f) => Some(*f),
_ => None,
}
}
pub fn as_integer(&self) -> Option<i64> {
match self {
Value::Integer(i) => Some(*i),
Value::Float(f) => Some(*f as i64),
_ => None,
}
}
}
pub struct CallFrame {
pub return_address: usize,
pub stack_base: usize,
pub locals_count: usize,
}
pub trait NativeInterface {
fn call(&mut self, id: u32, vm: &mut VirtualMachine) -> Result<u64, String>;
}
pub struct VirtualMachine {
pub pc: usize,
pub operand_stack: Vec<Value>,
pub call_stack: Vec<CallFrame>,
pub globals: Vec<Value>,
pub constant_pool: Vec<Value>,
pub rom: Vec<u8>,
pub heap: Vec<Value>, // Simplificado para demo, futuramente RAM/Heap real
pub cycles: u64,
pub halted: bool,
}
impl VirtualMachine {
pub fn new(rom: Vec<u8>, constant_pool: Vec<Value>) -> Self {
Self {
pc: 0,
operand_stack: Vec::new(),
call_stack: Vec::new(),
globals: Vec::new(),
constant_pool,
rom,
heap: Vec::new(),
cycles: 0,
halted: false,
}
}
/// Cria uma VM com um "Boot ROM" básico que exibe uma animação de padrão de teste.
/// Isso garante que a máquina sempre mostre algo ao ser ligada, mesmo sem cartucho.
pub fn new_boot_rom() -> Self {
let mut rom = Vec::new();
let mut constant_pool = Vec::new();
// Constantes do Boot ROM
constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(140)); // 0: x
constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(70)); // 1: y
constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(40)); // 2: largura
constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(40)); // 3: altura
constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(7)); // 4: cor rect (indigo)
constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(0)); // 5: sample_id (square)
constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(0)); // 6: voice_id
constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(255)); // 7: volume
constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(127)); // 8: pan (center)
constant_pool.push(Value::Float(1.0)); // 9: pitch
constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(0)); // 10: bg color (black)
constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(10)); // 11: button START
// -- PROGRAMA --
// 1. Toca o som de boot "plim" (uma vez)
// Push arguments for audio.play_sample(sample_id, voice_id, volume, pan, pitch)
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::PushConst as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&5u32.to_le_bytes()); // sample_id
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::PushConst as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&6u32.to_le_bytes()); // voice_id
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::PushConst as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&7u32.to_le_bytes()); // volume
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::PushConst as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&8u32.to_le_bytes()); // pan
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::PushConst as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&9u32.to_le_bytes()); // pitch
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::Syscall as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&0x3001u32.to_le_bytes());
let loop_start = rom.len() as u32;
// 2. Verifica Cartucho e Input para Boot
// system.has_cart?
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::Syscall as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&0x0001u32.to_le_bytes());
let jmp_no_cart_idx = rom.len();
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::JmpIfFalse as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&0u32.to_le_bytes()); // placeholder
// Se tem cartucho, checa START
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::PushConst as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&11u32.to_le_bytes()); // START button ID
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::Syscall as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&0x2001u32.to_le_bytes()); // input.get_pad
let jmp_no_start_idx = rom.len();
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::JmpIfFalse as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&0u32.to_le_bytes()); // placeholder
// Se tem cartucho E START, run_cart!
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::Syscall as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&0x0002u32.to_le_bytes()); // system.run_cart
// Destino para quando não tem cartucho ou não apertou START
let skip_cart_addr = rom.len() as u32;
// Patch placeholders
let skip_bytes = skip_cart_addr.to_le_bytes();
rom[jmp_no_cart_idx+2..jmp_no_cart_idx+6].copy_from_slice(&skip_bytes);
rom[jmp_no_start_idx+2..jmp_no_start_idx+6].copy_from_slice(&skip_bytes);
// 3. Limpa a tela
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::PushConst as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&10u32.to_le_bytes()); // bg color
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::Syscall as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&0x1001u32.to_le_bytes());
// 4. Desenha o quadrado no centro
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::PushConst as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&0u32.to_le_bytes()); // x
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::PushConst as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&1u32.to_le_bytes()); // y
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::PushConst as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&2u32.to_le_bytes()); // w
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::PushConst as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&3u32.to_le_bytes()); // h
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::PushConst as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&4u32.to_le_bytes()); // color
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::Syscall as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&0x1002u32.to_le_bytes());
// 4. Sincroniza frame
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::FrameSync as u16).to_le_bytes());
// 5. Loop infinito
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::Jmp as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&loop_start.to_le_bytes());
Self::new(rom, constant_pool)
}
}
impl Default for VirtualMachine {
fn default() -> Self {
Self::new_boot_rom()
}
}
impl VirtualMachine {
pub fn run_budget(&mut self, budget: u64, native: &mut dyn NativeInterface) -> Result<u64, String> {
let start_cycles = self.cycles;
let mut budget_used = 0;
while budget_used < budget && !self.halted && self.pc < self.rom.len() {
let pc_before = self.pc;
let cycles_before = self.cycles;
let opcode_val = self.peek_u16()?;
let opcode = OpCode::try_from(opcode_val)?;
if opcode == OpCode::FrameSync {
self.pc += 2;
self.cycles += OpCode::FrameSync.cycles();
break;
}
self.step(native)?;
// Garantir progresso para evitar loop infinito real (onde nem PC nem ciclos avançam)
if self.pc == pc_before && self.cycles == cycles_before && !self.halted {
return Err(format!("VM stuck at PC 0x{:08X}", self.pc));
}
budget_used = self.cycles - start_cycles;
}
Ok(budget_used)
}
fn peek_u16(&self) -> Result<u16, String> {
if self.pc + 2 > self.rom.len() {
return Err("Unexpected end of ROM".into());
}
let bytes = [
self.rom[self.pc],
self.rom[self.pc + 1],
];
Ok(u16::from_le_bytes(bytes))
}
pub fn step(&mut self, native: &mut dyn NativeInterface) -> Result<(), String> {
if self.halted || self.pc >= self.rom.len() {
return Ok(());
}
let opcode_val = self.read_u16()?;
let opcode = OpCode::try_from(opcode_val)?;
match opcode {
OpCode::Nop => {}
OpCode::Halt => {
self.halted = true;
}
OpCode::Jmp => {
let addr = self.read_u32()? as usize;
self.pc = addr;
}
OpCode::JmpIfFalse => {
let addr = self.read_u32()? as usize;
let val = self.pop()?;
if let Value::Boolean(false) = val {
self.pc = addr;
}
}
OpCode::PushConst => {
let idx = self.read_u32()? as usize;
let val = self.constant_pool.get(idx).cloned().ok_or("Invalid constant index")?;
self.push(val);
}
OpCode::Pop => {
self.pop()?;
}
OpCode::Dup => {
let val = self.peek()?.clone();
self.push(val);
}
OpCode::Swap => {
let a = self.pop()?;
let b = self.pop()?;
self.push(a);
self.push(b);
}
OpCode::Add => self.binary_op(|a, b| match (a, b) {
(Value::Integer(a), Value::Integer(b)) => Ok(Value::Integer(a.wrapping_add(b))),
(Value::Float(a), Value::Float(b)) => Ok(Value::Float(a + b)),
(Value::Integer(a), Value::Float(b)) => Ok(Value::Float(a as f64 + b)),
(Value::Float(a), Value::Integer(b)) => Ok(Value::Float(a + b as f64)),
_ => Err("Invalid types for ADD".into()),
})?,
OpCode::Sub => self.binary_op(|a, b| match (a, b) {
(Value::Integer(a), Value::Integer(b)) => Ok(Value::Integer(a.wrapping_sub(b))),
(Value::Float(a), Value::Float(b)) => Ok(Value::Float(a - b)),
(Value::Integer(a), Value::Float(b)) => Ok(Value::Float(a as f64 - b)),
(Value::Float(a), Value::Integer(b)) => Ok(Value::Float(a - b as f64)),
_ => Err("Invalid types for SUB".into()),
})?,
OpCode::Mul => self.binary_op(|a, b| match (a, b) {
(Value::Integer(a), Value::Integer(b)) => Ok(Value::Integer(a.wrapping_mul(b))),
(Value::Float(a), Value::Float(b)) => Ok(Value::Float(a * b)),
(Value::Integer(a), Value::Float(b)) => Ok(Value::Float(a as f64 * b)),
(Value::Float(a), Value::Integer(b)) => Ok(Value::Float(a * b as f64)),
_ => Err("Invalid types for MUL".into()),
})?,
OpCode::Div => self.binary_op(|a, b| match (a, b) {
(Value::Integer(a), Value::Integer(b)) => {
if b == 0 { return Err("Division by zero".into()); }
Ok(Value::Integer(a / b))
}
(Value::Float(a), Value::Float(b)) => {
if b == 0.0 { return Err("Division by zero".into()); }
Ok(Value::Float(a / b))
}
(Value::Integer(a), Value::Float(b)) => {
if b == 0.0 { return Err("Division by zero".into()); }
Ok(Value::Float(a as f64 / b))
}
(Value::Float(a), Value::Integer(b)) => {
if b == 0 { return Err("Division by zero".into()); }
Ok(Value::Float(a / b as f64))
}
_ => Err("Invalid types for DIV".into()),
})?,
OpCode::Eq => self.binary_op(|a, b| Ok(Value::Boolean(a == b)))?,
OpCode::Neq => self.binary_op(|a, b| Ok(Value::Boolean(a != b)))?,
OpCode::Lt => self.binary_op(|a, b| {
match (a, b) {
(Value::Integer(a), Value::Integer(b)) => Ok(Value::Boolean(a < b)),
(Value::Float(a), Value::Float(b)) => Ok(Value::Boolean(a < b)),
(Value::Integer(a), Value::Float(b)) => Ok(Value::Boolean((a as f64) < b)),
(Value::Float(a), Value::Integer(b)) => Ok(Value::Boolean(a < (b as f64))),
_ => Err("Invalid types for LT".into()),
}
})?,
OpCode::Gt => self.binary_op(|a, b| {
match (a, b) {
(Value::Integer(a), Value::Integer(b)) => Ok(Value::Boolean(a > b)),
(Value::Float(a), Value::Float(b)) => Ok(Value::Boolean(a > b)),
(Value::Integer(a), Value::Float(b)) => Ok(Value::Boolean((a as f64) > b)),
(Value::Float(a), Value::Integer(b)) => Ok(Value::Boolean(a > (b as f64))),
_ => Err("Invalid types for GT".into()),
}
})?,
OpCode::And => self.binary_op(|a, b| match (a, b) {
(Value::Boolean(a), Value::Boolean(b)) => Ok(Value::Boolean(a && b)),
_ => Err("Invalid types for AND".into()),
})?,
OpCode::Or => self.binary_op(|a, b| match (a, b) {
(Value::Boolean(a), Value::Boolean(b)) => Ok(Value::Boolean(a || b)),
_ => Err("Invalid types for OR".into()),
})?,
OpCode::Not => {
let val = self.pop()?;
if let Value::Boolean(b) = val {
self.push(Value::Boolean(!b));
} else {
return Err("Invalid type for NOT".into());
}
}
OpCode::GetGlobal => {
let idx = self.read_u32()? as usize;
let val = self.globals.get(idx).cloned().ok_or("Invalid global index")?;
self.push(val);
}
OpCode::SetGlobal => {
let idx = self.read_u32()? as usize;
let val = self.pop()?;
if idx >= self.globals.len() {
self.globals.resize(idx + 1, Value::Null);
}
self.globals[idx] = val;
}
OpCode::GetLocal => {
let idx = self.read_u32()? as usize;
let frame = self.call_stack.last().ok_or("No active call frame")?;
let val = self.operand_stack.get(frame.stack_base + idx).cloned().ok_or("Invalid local index")?;
self.push(val);
}
OpCode::SetLocal => {
let idx = self.read_u32()? as usize;
let val = self.pop()?;
let frame = self.call_stack.last().ok_or("No active call frame")?;
let stack_idx = frame.stack_base + idx;
if stack_idx >= self.operand_stack.len() {
return Err("Local index out of bounds".into());
}
self.operand_stack[stack_idx] = val;
}
OpCode::Call => {
let addr = self.read_u32()? as usize;
let args_count = self.read_u32()? as usize;
let stack_base = self.operand_stack.len() - args_count;
self.call_stack.push(CallFrame {
return_address: self.pc,
stack_base,
locals_count: args_count,
});
self.pc = addr;
}
OpCode::Ret => {
let frame = self.call_stack.pop().ok_or("Call stack underflow")?;
let return_val = self.pop()?;
self.operand_stack.truncate(frame.stack_base);
self.push(return_val);
self.pc = frame.return_address;
}
OpCode::PushScope => {
let locals_count = self.read_u32()? as usize;
let stack_base = self.operand_stack.len();
for _ in 0..locals_count {
self.push(Value::Null);
}
self.call_stack.push(CallFrame {
return_address: 0,
stack_base,
locals_count,
});
}
OpCode::PopScope => {
let frame = self.call_stack.pop().ok_or("Call stack underflow")?;
self.operand_stack.truncate(frame.stack_base);
}
OpCode::Alloc => {
let size = self.read_u32()? as usize;
let ref_idx = self.heap.len();
for _ in 0..size {
self.heap.push(Value::Null);
}
self.push(Value::Ref(ref_idx));
}
OpCode::LoadRef => {
let offset = self.read_u32()? as usize;
let ref_val = self.pop()?;
if let Value::Ref(base) = ref_val {
let val = self.heap.get(base + offset).cloned().ok_or("Invalid heap access")?;
self.push(val);
} else {
return Err("Expected reference for LOAD_REF".into());
}
}
OpCode::StoreRef => {
let offset = self.read_u32()? as usize;
let val = self.pop()?;
let ref_val = self.pop()?;
if let Value::Ref(base) = ref_val {
if base + offset >= self.heap.len() {
return Err("Invalid heap access".into());
}
self.heap[base + offset] = val;
} else {
return Err("Expected reference for STORE_REF".into());
}
}
OpCode::Syscall => {
let id = self.read_u32()?;
let native_cycles = native.call(id, self).map_err(|e| format!("Native call 0x{:08X} failed: {}", id, e))?;
self.cycles += native_cycles;
}
OpCode::FrameSync => {
return Ok(());
}
}
self.cycles += opcode.cycles();
Ok(())
}
fn read_u32(&mut self) -> Result<u32, String> {
if self.pc + 4 > self.rom.len() {
return Err("Unexpected end of ROM".into());
}
let bytes = [
self.rom[self.pc],
self.rom[self.pc + 1],
self.rom[self.pc + 2],
self.rom[self.pc + 3],
];
self.pc += 4;
Ok(u32::from_le_bytes(bytes))
}
fn read_u16(&mut self) -> Result<u16, String> {
if self.pc + 2 > self.rom.len() {
return Err("Unexpected end of ROM".into());
}
let bytes = [
self.rom[self.pc],
self.rom[self.pc + 1],
];
self.pc += 2;
Ok(u16::from_le_bytes(bytes))
}
pub fn push(&mut self, val: Value) {
self.operand_stack.push(val);
}
pub fn pop(&mut self) -> Result<Value, String> {
self.operand_stack.pop().ok_or("Stack underflow".into())
}
pub fn pop_number(&mut self) -> Result<f64, String> {
let val = self.pop()?;
val.as_float().ok_or_else(|| "Expected number".into())
}
pub fn pop_integer(&mut self) -> Result<i64, String> {
let val = self.pop()?;
val.as_integer().ok_or_else(|| "Expected integer".into())
}
pub fn peek(&self) -> Result<&Value, String> {
self.operand_stack.last().ok_or("Stack underflow".into())
}
fn binary_op<F>(&mut self, f: F) -> Result<(), String>
where
F: FnOnce(Value, Value) -> Result<Value, String>,
{
let b = self.pop()?;
let a = self.pop()?;
let res = f(a, b)?;
self.push(res);
Ok(())
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn test_add_instructions() {
struct NoopNative;
impl NativeInterface for NoopNative {
fn call(&mut self, _id: u32, _vm: &mut VirtualMachine) -> Result<u64, String> { Ok(0) }
}
let mut native = NoopNative;
let mut rom = Vec::new();
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::PushConst as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&0u32.to_le_bytes()); // Const index 0
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::PushConst as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&1u32.to_le_bytes()); // Const index 1
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::Add as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::Halt as u16).to_le_bytes());
let constant_pool = vec![Value::Integer(10), Value::Integer(20)];
let mut vm = VirtualMachine::new(rom, constant_pool);
vm.run_budget(100, &mut native).unwrap();
assert_eq!(vm.operand_stack.len(), 1);
assert_eq!(vm.operand_stack[0], Value::Integer(30));
assert!(vm.halted);
}
#[test]
fn test_jump_and_loop() {
struct NoopNative;
impl NativeInterface for NoopNative {
fn call(&mut self, _id: u32, _vm: &mut VirtualMachine) -> Result<u64, String> { Ok(0) }
}
let mut native = NoopNative;
let mut rom = Vec::new();
// Index 0: PUSH 0 (counter)
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::PushConst as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&0u32.to_le_bytes());
// Index 6: DUP
let loop_start = rom.len();
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::Dup as u16).to_le_bytes());
// PUSH 10
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::PushConst as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&1u32.to_le_bytes());
// LT (counter < 10)
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::Lt as u16).to_le_bytes());
// JMP_IF_FALSE to end
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::JmpIfFalse as u16).to_le_bytes());
let jmp_placeholder = rom.len();
rom.extend_from_slice(&0u32.to_le_bytes());
// PUSH 1
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::PushConst as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&2u32.to_le_bytes());
// ADD (increment counter)
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::Add as u16).to_le_bytes());
// JMP to start
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::Jmp as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&(loop_start as u32).to_le_bytes());
// End
let loop_end = rom.len();
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::Halt as u16).to_le_bytes());
// Patch JMP_IF_FALSE addr
let end_addr_bytes = (loop_end as u32).to_le_bytes();
rom[jmp_placeholder..jmp_placeholder+4].copy_from_slice(&end_addr_bytes);
let constant_pool = vec![Value::Integer(0), Value::Integer(10), Value::Integer(1)];
let mut vm = VirtualMachine::new(rom, constant_pool);
vm.run_budget(1000, &mut native).unwrap();
assert!(vm.halted);
// O valor final na pilha deve ser 10
assert_eq!(vm.operand_stack.last(), Some(&Value::Integer(10)));
}
#[test]
fn test_native_call_gfx_clear() {
struct MockGfx {
cleared_color: Option<usize>,
}
impl NativeInterface for MockGfx {
fn call(&mut self, id: u32, vm: &mut VirtualMachine) -> Result<u64, String> {
if id == 0x1001 {
let color = vm.pop_integer()? as usize;
self.cleared_color = Some(color);
return Ok(100);
}
Ok(0)
}
}
let mut native = MockGfx { cleared_color: None };
let mut rom = Vec::new();
// PUSH 5 (color index)
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::PushConst as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&0u32.to_le_bytes());
// CALL_NATIVE 0x1001
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::Syscall as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&0x1001u32.to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::Halt as u16).to_le_bytes());
let constant_pool = vec![Value::Integer(5)];
let mut vm = VirtualMachine::new(rom, constant_pool);
vm.run_budget(1000, &mut native).unwrap();
assert!(vm.halted);
assert_eq!(native.cleared_color, Some(5));
}
#[test]
fn test_system_run_cart() {
use crate::Machine;
use crate::model::Cartridge;
let mut machine = Machine::new();
// 1. Verifica que não tem cartucho inicialmente
let mut rom = Vec::new();
// CALL_NATIVE 0x0001 (has_cart)
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::Syscall as u16).to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&0x0001u32.to_le_bytes());
rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::Halt as u16).to_le_bytes());
machine.vm = VirtualMachine::new(rom, vec![]);
let mut vm = std::mem::take(&mut machine.vm);
vm.run_budget(100, &mut machine).unwrap();
machine.vm = vm;
assert_eq!(machine.vm.pop().unwrap(), Value::Boolean(false));
// 2. Adiciona um cartucho e roda
let mut cart_rom = Vec::new();
// PUSH_CONST 0
cart_rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::PushConst as u16).to_le_bytes());
cart_rom.extend_from_slice(&0u32.to_le_bytes());
cart_rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::Halt as u16).to_le_bytes());
let cart_pool = vec![Value::Integer(42)];
let cart = Cartridge::new(cart_rom, cart_pool);
machine.load_cartridge(cart);
// Código para rodar o cartucho
let mut boot_rom = Vec::new();
// CALL_NATIVE 0x0002 (run_cart)
boot_rom.extend_from_slice(&(OpCode::Syscall as u16).to_le_bytes());
boot_rom.extend_from_slice(&0x0002u32.to_le_bytes());
machine.vm = VirtualMachine::new(boot_rom, vec![]);
let mut vm = std::mem::take(&mut machine.vm);
vm.run_budget(1000, &mut machine).unwrap();
machine.vm = vm;
// Após o run_budget, a VM deve ter executado o cartucho
assert_eq!(machine.vm.operand_stack.last(), Some(&Value::Integer(42)));
assert!(machine.vm.halted);
}
}