diff --git a/crates/core/src/firmware/firmware.rs b/crates/core/src/firmware/firmware.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..43b50721
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/core/src/firmware/firmware.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+use crate::firmware::firmware_state::FirmwareState;
+use crate::model::{AppMode, Cartridge, Color};
+use crate::peripherals::InputSignals;
+use crate::prometeu_hub::PrometeuHub;
+use crate::prometeu_os::PrometeuOS;
+
+pub struct Firmware {
+    pub os: PrometeuOS,
+    pub hub: PrometeuHub,
+    pub state: FirmwareState,
+}
+
+impl Firmware {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            os: PrometeuOS::new(),
+            hub: PrometeuHub::new(),
+            state: FirmwareState::Reset,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn step_frame(&mut self, signals: &InputSignals) {
+        match &mut self.state {
+            FirmwareState::Reset => {
+                self.os.reset();
+                self.state = FirmwareState::SplashScreen;
+            }
+            FirmwareState::SplashScreen => {
+                // Splash logic opcional
+                self.state = FirmwareState::LaunchHubHome;
+            }
+            FirmwareState::LaunchHubHome => {
+                self.hub.init();
+                self.state = FirmwareState::HubHome;
+            }
+            FirmwareState::HubHome => {
+                // UI do Hub
+                self.hub.update(&mut self.os);
+            }
+            FirmwareState::PosRunGame(_cart) => {
+                if let Some(error) = self.os.step_frame(signals) {
+                    self.state = FirmwareState::PosCrashScreen(error);
+                }
+            }
+            FirmwareState::PosRunSystem(_cart) => {
+                // System Apps rodam "dentro" do Hub/Window System
+                if let Some(error) = self.os.step_frame(signals) {
+                    self.state = FirmwareState::PosCrashScreen(error);
+                }
+                // TODO: Compor com a UI do Hub
+            }
+            FirmwareState::PosCrashScreen(_error) => {
+                // Atualiza periféricos para input na tela de crash
+                self.os.hardware_mut().pad_mut().begin_frame(signals);
+
+                // Tela de erro: fundo vermelho, texto branco
+                self.os.hardware_mut().gfx_mut().clear(Color::RED);
+                // Por enquanto apenas logamos ou mostramos algo simples
+                // No futuro, usar draw_text
+                self.os.hardware_mut().gfx_mut().present();
+
+                // Se apertar START, volta pro Hub
+                if self.os.hardware().pad().start.down {
+                    self.state = FirmwareState::LaunchHubHome;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn load_app(&mut self, cart: Cartridge, mode: AppMode) {
+        self.os.load_cartridge(&cart);
+        match mode {
+            AppMode::Game => self.state = FirmwareState::PosRunGame(cart),
+            AppMode::System => self.state = FirmwareState::PosRunSystem(cart),
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/crates/core/src/firmware/firmware_state.rs b/crates/core/src/firmware/firmware_state.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1066bbb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/core/src/firmware/firmware_state.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+use crate::model::Cartridge;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub enum FirmwareState {
+    Reset,
+    SplashScreen,
+    LaunchHubHome,
+    HubHome,
+    PosRunGame(Cartridge),
+    PosRunSystem(Cartridge),
+    PosCrashScreen(String),
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/crates/core/src/firmware/mod.rs b/crates/core/src/firmware/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..026f7bec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/core/src/firmware/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+mod firmware;
+pub mod firmware_state;
+
+pub use firmware::Firmware;
diff --git a/crates/core/src/fw/firmware.rs b/crates/core/src/fw/firmware.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 3032a967..00000000
--- a/crates/core/src/fw/firmware.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-pub struct Firmware {
-
-}
-
-impl Firmware {
-    pub fn new() -> Self {
-        Self {
-
-        }
-    }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/crates/core/src/fw/mod.rs b/crates/core/src/fw/mod.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 75b0b1cc..00000000
--- a/crates/core/src/fw/mod.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-pub mod firmware;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/crates/core/src/hardware.rs b/crates/core/src/hardware.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ffc738b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/core/src/hardware.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+use crate::peripherals::{Audio, Gfx, InputSignals, Pad, Touch, HardwareBridge};
+use crate::firmware::{Firmware};
+
+pub struct Hardware {
+    pub firmware: Firmware,
+    pub gfx: Gfx,
+    pub audio: Audio,
+    pub pad: Pad,
+    pub touch: Touch,
+}
+
+impl HardwareBridge for Hardware {
+    fn gfx(&self) -> &Gfx { &self.gfx }
+    fn gfx_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Gfx { &mut self.gfx }
+
+    fn audio(&self) -> &Audio { &self.audio }
+    fn audio_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Audio { &mut self.audio }
+
+    fn pad(&self) -> &Pad { &self.pad }
+    fn pad_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Pad { &mut self.pad }
+
+    fn touch(&self) -> &Touch { &self.touch }
+    fn touch_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Touch { &mut self.touch }
+}
+
+impl Hardware {
+    pub const W: usize = 320;
+    pub const H: usize = 180;
+
+    pub fn new() -> Box<Self> {
+        let mut hw = Box::new(Self {
+            firmware: Firmware::new(),
+            gfx: Gfx::new(Self::W, Self::H),
+            audio: Audio::new(),
+            pad: Pad::default(),
+            touch: Touch::default(),
+        });
+
+        // Configura a referência circular (através do trait HardwareBridge)
+        let hw_ptr = hw.as_mut() as *mut dyn HardwareBridge;
+        hw.firmware.os.hw_ptr = Some(hw_ptr);
+
+        hw
+    }
+
+    /// Atalhos para o Runner (desktop) não quebrar tanto, 
+    /// delegando para o PrometeuOS onde os contadores agora vivem.
+    pub fn tick_index(&self) -> u64 { self.firmware.os.tick_index }
+    pub fn logical_frame_index(&self) -> u64 { self.firmware.os.logical_frame_index }
+    pub fn last_frame_cpu_time_us(&self) -> u64 { self.firmware.os.last_frame_cpu_time_us }
+
+    /// "Contrato de frame" do PROMETEU.
+    pub fn step_frame(&mut self, signals: &InputSignals) {
+        // O Host chama o hardware, que delega para o Firmware/OS.
+        self.firmware.step_frame(signals);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/crates/core/src/lib.rs b/crates/core/src/lib.rs
index 1522d9a6..cad9e75c 100644
--- a/crates/core/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/core/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-pub mod logical_hardware;
+pub mod hardware;
 pub mod peripherals;
 pub mod vm;
 mod model;
-mod native_interface;
-mod utilz;
+pub mod firmware;
+mod prometeu_os;
+mod prometeu_hub;
 
-pub use logical_hardware::LogicalHardware;
+pub use hardware::Hardware;
diff --git a/crates/core/src/logical_hardware.rs b/crates/core/src/logical_hardware.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 09a339a4..00000000
--- a/crates/core/src/logical_hardware.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,165 +0,0 @@
-use crate::model::{Cartridge, Color, Sample};
-use crate::peripherals::{Audio, Gfx, InputSignals, Pad, Touch};
-use crate::vm::VirtualMachine;
-use std::sync::Arc;
-
-/// PROMETEU "hardware lógico" (v0).
-/// O Host alimenta INPUT SIGNALS e chama `step_frame()` em 60Hz.
-pub struct LogicalHardware {
-    pub gfx: Gfx,
-    pub audio: Audio,
-    pub pad: Pad,
-    pub touch: Touch,
-    pub tick_index: u64,
-    pub logical_frame_index: u64,
-    pub last_frame_cpu_time_us: u64,
-    pub vm: VirtualMachine,
-    pub cartridge: Option<Cartridge>,
-
-    // Estado Interno
-    logical_frame_open: bool,
-
-    // Assets de exemplo
-    pub sample_square: Option<Arc<Sample>>,
-    pub sample_kick: Option<Arc<Sample>>,
-    pub sample_snare: Option<Arc<Sample>>,
-}
-
-impl LogicalHardware {
-    pub const W: usize = 320;
-    pub const H: usize = 180;
-    pub const CYCLES_PER_FRAME: u64 = 100_000; // Exemplo de budget
-
-    pub fn new() -> Self {
-        let mut logical_hardware = Self {
-            gfx: Gfx::new(Self::W, Self::H),
-            audio: Audio::new(),
-            pad: Pad::default(),
-            touch: Touch::default(),
-            tick_index: 0,
-            logical_frame_index: 0,
-            last_frame_cpu_time_us: 0,
-            vm: VirtualMachine::default(),
-            cartridge: None,
-            logical_frame_open: false,
-            sample_square: None,
-            sample_kick: None,
-            sample_snare: None,
-        };
-
-        // Inicializa samples básicos
-        logical_hardware.sample_square = Some(Arc::new(Self::create_square_sample(440.0, 0.1)));
-
-        logical_hardware
-    }
-
-    pub fn get_color(&self, index: usize) -> Color {
-        // Implementação simplificada: se houver bancos, usa a paleta do banco 0
-        // Caso contrário, usa cores básicas fixas
-        if let Some(bank) = self.gfx.banks[0].as_ref() {
-            bank.palettes[0][index % 16]
-        } else {
-            match index % 16 {
-                0 => Color::BLACK,
-                1 => Color::WHITE,
-                2 => Color::RED,
-                3 => Color::GREEN,
-                4 => Color::BLUE,
-                5 => Color::YELLOW,
-                6 => Color::CYAN,
-                7 => Color::INDIGO,
-                8 => Color::GRAY,
-                _ => Color::BLACK,
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn is_button_down(&self, id: u32) -> bool {
-        match id {
-            0 => self.pad.up.down,
-            1 => self.pad.down.down,
-            2 => self.pad.left.down,
-            3 => self.pad.right.down,
-            4 => self.pad.a.down,
-            5 => self.pad.b.down,
-            6 => self.pad.x.down,
-            7 => self.pad.y.down,
-            8 => self.pad.l.down,
-            9 => self.pad.r.down,
-            10 => self.pad.start.down,
-            11 => self.pad.select.down,
-            _ => false,
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn load_cartridge(&mut self, cart: Cartridge) {
-        self.cartridge = Some(cart);
-    }
-
-    fn create_square_sample(freq: f64, duration: f64) -> Sample {
-        let sample_rate = crate::peripherals::OUTPUT_SAMPLE_RATE;
-        let num_samples = (duration * sample_rate as f64) as usize;
-        let mut data = Vec::with_capacity(num_samples);
-        let period = sample_rate as f64 / freq;
-
-        for i in 0..num_samples {
-            let val = if (i as f64 % period) < (period / 2.0) {
-                10000 // Volume médio
-            } else {
-                -10000
-            };
-            data.push(val);
-        }
-
-        Sample::new(sample_rate, data)
-    }
-
-    /// "Contrato de frame" do PROMETEU (Template Method sem loop).
-    /// O Host controla tempo/event loop; o Core define a sequência do frame.
-    pub fn step_frame(&mut self, signals: &InputSignals) {
-        let start = std::time::Instant::now();
-        self.tick_index += 1; // não importa o frame lógico, o tick sempre incrementa
-
-        // Se um frame logica estiver aberto evita limpar o input
-        if !self.logical_frame_open {
-            self.logical_frame_open = true;
-            self.begin_frame(signals);
-        }
-
-        // Executa uma fatia fixa de ciclos (budget do tick real do host)
-        let mut vm = std::mem::take(&mut self.vm);
-        let run = vm
-            .run_budget(Self::CYCLES_PER_FRAME, self)
-            .expect("vm error");
-        self.vm = vm;
-
-        // Só “materializa” e apresenta quando o frame lógico fecha
-        if run.reason == crate::vm::LogicalFrameEndingReason::FrameSync {
-            self.gfx.render_all();
-            self.end_frame();
-            self.logical_frame_index += 1;        // conta frames lógicos apresentados
-            self.logical_frame_open = false;
-        }
-
-        self.last_frame_cpu_time_us = start.elapsed().as_micros() as u64;
-    }
-
-    /// Início do frame: zera flags transitórias.
-    pub fn begin_frame(&mut self, signals: &InputSignals) {
-        // Limpa comandos de áudio do frame anterior.
-        // Nota: O Host deve consumir esses comandos ANTES ou DURANTE o step_frame se quiser processá-los.
-        // Como o Host atual consome logo após o step_frame, limpar aqui no início do PRÓXIMO frame está correto.
-        self.audio.clear_commands();
-
-        // Flags transitórias do TOUCH devem durar 1 frame.
-        self.touch.begin_frame(signals);
-
-        // Se você quiser input com pressed/released depois:
-        self.pad.begin_frame(signals);
-    }
-
-    /// Final do frame: troca buffers.
-    pub fn end_frame(&mut self) {
-        self.gfx.present();
-    }
-}
diff --git a/crates/core/src/model/cartridge.rs b/crates/core/src/model/cartridge.rs
index bc02b3bf..b8d55ca7 100644
--- a/crates/core/src/model/cartridge.rs
+++ b/crates/core/src/model/cartridge.rs
@@ -1,12 +1,27 @@
 use crate::vm::Program;
 
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum AppMode {
+    Game,
+    System,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct AppHeader {
+    pub app_id: String,
+    pub title: String,
+    pub mode: AppMode,
+    pub entrypoint: u32,
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct Cartridge {
+    pub header: AppHeader,
     pub program: Program,
 }
 
 impl Cartridge {
-    pub fn new(program: Program) -> Self {
-        Self { program }
+    pub fn new(header: AppHeader, program: Program) -> Self {
+        Self { header, program }
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/core/src/model/mod.rs b/crates/core/src/model/mod.rs
index 4d673091..ea406d98 100644
--- a/crates/core/src/model/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/core/src/model/mod.rs
@@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ pub use tile_bank::{TileBank, TileSize};
 pub use tile_layer::{HudTileLayer, ScrollableTileLayer, TileMap};
 pub use sprite::Sprite;
 pub use sample::Sample;
-pub use cartridge::Cartridge;
+pub use cartridge::{Cartridge, AppMode};
diff --git a/crates/core/src/peripherals/mod.rs b/crates/core/src/peripherals/mod.rs
index 70789ecf..bd102bb3 100644
--- a/crates/core/src/peripherals/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/core/src/peripherals/mod.rs
@@ -10,3 +10,19 @@ pub use input_signal::InputSignals;
 pub use pad::Pad;
 pub use touch::Touch;
 pub use audio::{Audio, Channel, AudioCommand, LoopMode, MAX_CHANNELS, OUTPUT_SAMPLE_RATE};
+
+/// Interface de acesso ao hardware para o Firmware/OS.
+/// Centraliza as chamadas para periféricos sem expor a estrutura interna do HardwareBridge.
+pub trait HardwareBridge {
+    fn gfx(&self) -> &Gfx;
+    fn gfx_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Gfx;
+    
+    fn audio(&self) -> &Audio;
+    fn audio_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Audio;
+    
+    fn pad(&self) -> &Pad;
+    fn pad_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Pad;
+    
+    fn touch(&self) -> &Touch;
+    fn touch_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Touch;
+}
diff --git a/crates/core/src/prometeu_hub/mod.rs b/crates/core/src/prometeu_hub/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..97e3702e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/core/src/prometeu_hub/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+mod prometeu_hub;
+
+pub use prometeu_hub::PrometeuHub;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/crates/core/src/prometeu_hub/prometeu_hub.rs b/crates/core/src/prometeu_hub/prometeu_hub.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5ea2b5e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/core/src/prometeu_hub/prometeu_hub.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+use crate::model::Color;
+use crate::prometeu_os::PrometeuOS;
+
+// TODO: Mover para arquivo próprio se crescer.
+/// Sistema de janelas do PROMETEU.
+pub struct WindowSystem {
+    pub theme_color: Color,
+}
+
+impl WindowSystem {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            theme_color: Color::INDIGO,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// PrometeuHub: Launcher e ambiente de UI do sistema.
+pub struct PrometeuHub {
+    pub window_system: WindowSystem,
+}
+
+impl PrometeuHub {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            window_system: WindowSystem::new(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn init(&mut self) {
+        // Inicializa o Window System e lista apps
+    }
+
+    pub fn update(&mut self, os: &mut PrometeuOS) {
+        // Renderiza a UI básica do Hub
+        os.hardware_mut().gfx_mut().clear(self.window_system.theme_color);
+        // TODO: Desenhar lista de apps
+        os.hardware_mut().gfx_mut().present();
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/crates/core/src/prometeu_os/mod.rs b/crates/core/src/prometeu_os/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d2c3ae9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/core/src/prometeu_os/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+mod prometeu_os;
+mod native_interface;
+
+pub use prometeu_os::PrometeuOS;
+pub use native_interface::NativeInterface;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/crates/core/src/native_interface.rs b/crates/core/src/prometeu_os/native_interface.rs
similarity index 75%
rename from crates/core/src/native_interface.rs
rename to crates/core/src/prometeu_os/native_interface.rs
index 59a3bbde..f96ce8db 100644
--- a/crates/core/src/native_interface.rs
+++ b/crates/core/src/prometeu_os/native_interface.rs
@@ -1,28 +1,22 @@
+use crate::prometeu_os::prometeu_os::PrometeuOS;
 use crate::vm::{Value, VirtualMachine};
-use crate::LogicalHardware;
 
 pub trait NativeInterface {
     fn syscall(&mut self, id: u32, vm: &mut VirtualMachine) -> Result<u64, String>;
 }
 
-impl NativeInterface for LogicalHardware {
+impl NativeInterface for PrometeuOS {
     fn syscall(&mut self, id: u32, vm: &mut VirtualMachine) -> Result<u64, String> {
         match id {
             // system.has_cart() -> bool
             0x0001 => {
-                vm.push(Value::Boolean(self.cartridge.is_some()));
+                vm.push(Value::Boolean(self.current_cartridge.is_some()));
                 Ok(10)
             }
             // system.run_cart()
             0x0002 => {
-                if let Some(cart) = self.cartridge.as_ref() {
-                    vm.program = cart.program.clone();
-                    vm.pc = 0;
-                    vm.operand_stack.clear();
-                    vm.call_stack.clear();
-                    vm.globals.clear();
-                    vm.heap.clear();
-                    vm.halted = false;
+                if let Some(cart) = self.current_cartridge.as_ref().cloned() {
+                    self.load_cartridge(&cart);
                 } else {
                     return Err("No cartridge inserted".into());
                 }
@@ -32,7 +26,7 @@ impl NativeInterface for LogicalHardware {
             0x1001 => {
                 let color_idx = vm.pop_integer()? as usize;
                 let color = self.get_color(color_idx);
-                self.gfx.clear(color);
+                self.hardware_mut().gfx_mut().clear(color);
                 Ok(100)
             }
             // gfx.draw_rect(x, y, w, h, color_index)
@@ -43,7 +37,7 @@ impl NativeInterface for LogicalHardware {
                 let y = vm.pop_integer()? as i32;
                 let x = vm.pop_integer()? as i32;
                 let color = self.get_color(color_idx);
-                self.gfx.fill_rect(x, y, w, h, color);
+                self.hardware_mut().gfx_mut().fill_rect(x, y, w, h, color);
                 Ok(200)
             }
             // input.get_pad(button_id) -> bool
@@ -54,7 +48,6 @@ impl NativeInterface for LogicalHardware {
                 Ok(50)
             }
             // audio.play_sample(sample_id, voice_id, volume, pan, pitch)
-            // sample_id: 0=square, 1=kick, 2=snare
             0x3001 => {
                 let pitch = vm.pop_number()?;
                 let pan = vm.pop_integer()? as u8;
@@ -70,7 +63,7 @@ impl NativeInterface for LogicalHardware {
                 };
 
                 if let Some(s) = sample {
-                    self.audio.play(s, voice_id, volume, pan, pitch, 0, crate::peripherals::LoopMode::Off);
+                    self.hardware_mut().audio_mut().play(s, voice_id, volume, pan, pitch, 0, crate::peripherals::LoopMode::Off);
                 }
                 Ok(300)
             }
diff --git a/crates/core/src/prometeu_os/prometeu_os.rs b/crates/core/src/prometeu_os/prometeu_os.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d5bfba8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/core/src/prometeu_os/prometeu_os.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+use crate::model::{Cartridge, Color, Sample};
+use crate::peripherals::{HardwareBridge, InputSignals};
+use crate::vm::VirtualMachine;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+/// PrometeuOS (POS): O firmware/base do sistema.
+/// Autoridade máxima do boot, periféricos, execução da PVM e tratamento de falhas.
+pub struct PrometeuOS {
+    pub vm: VirtualMachine,
+    pub tick_index: u64,
+    pub logical_frame_index: u64,
+    pub logical_frame_open: bool,
+    pub last_frame_cpu_time_us: u64,
+    pub hw_ptr: Option<*mut dyn HardwareBridge>,
+    pub current_cartridge: Option<Cartridge>,
+
+    // Assets de exemplo (mantidos para compatibilidade com syscalls de áudio v0)
+    pub sample_square: Option<Arc<Sample>>,
+    pub sample_kick: Option<Arc<Sample>>,
+    pub sample_snare: Option<Arc<Sample>>,
+}
+
+impl PrometeuOS {
+    pub const CYCLES_PER_FRAME: u64 = 100_000;
+
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        let mut os = Self {
+            vm: VirtualMachine::default(),
+            hw_ptr: None,
+            tick_index: 0,
+            logical_frame_index: 0,
+            logical_frame_open: false,
+            last_frame_cpu_time_us: 0,
+            current_cartridge: None,
+            sample_square: None,
+            sample_kick: None,
+            sample_snare: None,
+        };
+
+        // Inicializa samples básicos (mesma lógica do LogicalHardware)
+        os.sample_square = Some(Arc::new(Self::create_square_sample(440.0, 0.1)));
+
+        os
+    }
+
+    /// Helper para acessar o hardware de forma segura (dentro do contexto do firmware).
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn hardware(&self) -> &dyn HardwareBridge {
+        unsafe { &*self.hw_ptr.expect("Hardware pointer not initialized") }
+    }
+
+    /// Helper para acessar o hardware de forma mutável.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn hardware_mut(&mut self) -> &mut dyn HardwareBridge {
+        unsafe { &mut *self.hw_ptr.expect("Hardware pointer not initialized") }
+    }
+
+    pub fn reset(&mut self) {
+        self.vm = VirtualMachine::default();
+        self.tick_index = 0;
+        self.logical_frame_index = 0;
+        self.logical_frame_open = false;
+        self.last_frame_cpu_time_us = 0;
+        self.current_cartridge = None;
+    }
+
+    /// Carrega um cartucho na PVM e reseta o estado de execução.
+    pub fn load_cartridge(&mut self, cart: &Cartridge) {
+        // Na spec: "resetar PC/stack/heap ao iniciar app"
+        self.current_cartridge = Some(cart.clone());
+        self.vm.program = cart.program.clone();
+        self.vm.pc = 0;
+        self.vm.operand_stack.clear();
+        self.vm.call_stack.clear();
+        self.vm.globals.clear();
+        self.vm.heap.clear();
+        self.vm.halted = false;
+    }
+
+    /// Executa um tick do host (60Hz).
+    pub fn step_frame(&mut self, signals: &InputSignals) -> Option<String> {
+        let start = std::time::Instant::now();
+        self.tick_index += 1;
+
+        if !self.logical_frame_open {
+            self.logical_frame_open = true;
+            self.begin_logical_frame(signals);
+        }
+
+        // Executa budget
+        let mut vm = std::mem::take(&mut self.vm);
+        let run_result = vm.run_budget(Self::CYCLES_PER_FRAME, self);
+        self.vm = vm;
+
+        match run_result {
+            Ok(run) => {
+                if run.reason == crate::vm::LogicalFrameEndingReason::FrameSync {
+                    self.hardware_mut().gfx_mut().render_all();
+                    self.end_logical_frame();
+                    self.logical_frame_index += 1;
+                    self.logical_frame_open = false;
+                }
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                return Some(format!("PVM Fault: {:?}", e));
+            }
+        }
+
+        self.last_frame_cpu_time_us = start.elapsed().as_micros() as u64;
+        None
+    }
+
+    fn begin_logical_frame(&mut self, signals: &InputSignals) {
+        let hw = self.hardware_mut();
+        hw.audio_mut().clear_commands();
+        hw.touch_mut().begin_frame(signals);
+        hw.pad_mut().begin_frame(signals);
+    }
+
+    fn end_logical_frame(&mut self) {
+        self.hardware_mut().gfx_mut().present();
+    }
+
+    // Helper para syscalls
+    pub fn get_color(&self, index: usize) -> Color {
+        let hw = self.hardware();
+        if let Some(bank) = hw.gfx().banks[0].as_ref() {
+            bank.palettes[0][index % 16]
+        } else {
+            match index % 16 {
+                0 => Color::BLACK,
+                1 => Color::WHITE,
+                2 => Color::RED,
+                3 => Color::GREEN,
+                4 => Color::BLUE,
+                5 => Color::YELLOW,
+                6 => Color::CYAN,
+                7 => Color::INDIGO,
+                8 => Color::GRAY,
+                _ => Color::BLACK,
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Helper para syscalls
+    pub fn is_button_down(&self, id: u32) -> bool {
+        let hw = self.hardware();
+        match id {
+            0 => hw.pad().up.down,
+            1 => hw.pad().down.down,
+            2 => hw.pad().left.down,
+            3 => hw.pad().right.down,
+            4 => hw.pad().a.down,
+            5 => hw.pad().b.down,
+            6 => hw.pad().x.down,
+            7 => hw.pad().y.down,
+            8 => hw.pad().l.down,
+            9 => hw.pad().r.down,
+            10 => hw.pad().start.down,
+            11 => hw.pad().select.down,
+            _ => false,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn create_square_sample(freq: f64, duration: f64) -> Sample {
+        let sample_rate = crate::peripherals::OUTPUT_SAMPLE_RATE;
+        let num_samples = (duration * sample_rate as f64) as usize;
+        let mut data = Vec::with_capacity(num_samples);
+        let period = sample_rate as f64 / freq;
+
+        for i in 0..num_samples {
+            let val = if (i as f64 % period) < (period / 2.0) {
+                10000
+            } else {
+                -10000
+            };
+            data.push(val);
+        }
+
+        Sample::new(sample_rate, data)
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/crates/core/src/utilz.rs b/crates/core/src/utilz.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 21804c03..00000000
--- a/crates/core/src/utilz.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-use crate::vm::OpCode;
-
-pub fn emit_u16(rom: &mut Vec<u8>, val: u16) {
-    rom.extend_from_slice(&val.to_le_bytes());
-}
-
-pub fn emit_u32(rom: &mut Vec<u8>, val: u32) {
-    rom.extend_from_slice(&val.to_le_bytes());
-}
-
-pub fn emit_op(rom: &mut Vec<u8>, op: OpCode) {
-    emit_u16(rom, op as u16);
-}
-
-pub fn patch_u32(rom: &mut [u8], offset: usize, val: u32) {
-    let bytes = val.to_le_bytes();
-    rom[offset..offset + 4].copy_from_slice(&bytes);
-}
diff --git a/crates/core/src/vm/virtual_machine.rs b/crates/core/src/vm/virtual_machine.rs
index bdb18435..9197d1c4 100644
--- a/crates/core/src/vm/virtual_machine.rs
+++ b/crates/core/src/vm/virtual_machine.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
-use crate::native_interface::NativeInterface;
-use crate::utilz;
+use crate::prometeu_os::NativeInterface;
 use crate::vm::call_frame::CallFrame;
 use crate::vm::opcode::OpCode;
 use crate::vm::value::Value;
-
 use crate::vm::Program;
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -44,246 +42,11 @@ impl VirtualMachine {
             halted: false,
         }
     }
-
-    /// Cria uma VM com um "Boot ROM" básico que exibe uma animação de padrão de teste.
-    /// Isso garante que a máquina sempre mostre algo ao ser ligada, mesmo sem cartucho.
-    pub fn new_boot_rom() -> Self {
-        let mut rom = Vec::new();
-        let mut constant_pool = Vec::new();
-
-        // Constant Pool
-        constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(160)); // 0: Center X
-        constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(90));  // 1: Center Y
-        constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(40));  // 2: Logo Size
-        constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(7));   // 3: Indigo (Logo)
-        constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(0));   // 4: Black (Background)
-        constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(180)); // 5: Splash Timeout (3s)
-        constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(2));   // 6: Divisor
-        constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(1));   // 7: 1
-        constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(10));  // 8: Start Button
-        constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(0));   // 9: Square Sample
-        constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(255)); // 10: Volume
-        constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(127)); // 11: Pan
-        constant_pool.push(Value::Float(1.0));   // 12: Pitch
-        constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(0));   // 13: Voice ID
-        constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(0));   // 14: Zero
-        constant_pool.push(Value::Integer(6));   // 15: Cyan (SO Logo)
-
-        // -- INICIALIZAÇÃO --
-        
-        // G0 = 0 (Contador de frames)
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 14); 
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::SetGlobal);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0);
-
-        // G1 = 0 (Estado BIOS: 0=Splash, 1=SO)
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 14); 
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::SetGlobal);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 1);
-
-        // Toca o som de boot "plim"
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 9); // sample
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 13); // voice
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 10); // vol
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 11); // pan
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 12); // pitch
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Syscall);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0x3001);
-
-        // Escopo local para cálculos temporários [0:f, 1:s, 2:x, 3:y]
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushScope);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 4);
-
-        let loop_start = rom.len() as u32;
-
-        // Limpa tela
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 4); // black
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Syscall);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0x1001);
-
-        // --- MÁQUINA DE ESTADOS (G1) ---
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::GetGlobal);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 1); // G1
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 14); // 0
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Eq);
-        let jmp_to_so = rom.len();
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::JmpIfFalse);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0);
-
-        // === ESTADO 0: SPLASH ===
-        
-        // 1. Cálculos da Animação
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::GetGlobal);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0);
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::SetLocal);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0); // L0 = f
-
-        // S = if f < 40 { f } else { 40 }
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::GetLocal);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0); // f
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 2); // 40
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Lt);
-        let jmp_s_full = rom.len();
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::JmpIfFalse);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0);
-
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::GetLocal);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0); // f
-        let jmp_s_set = rom.len();
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Jmp);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0);
-
-        let s_full_addr = rom.len() as u32;
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 2); // 40
-
-        let s_set_addr = rom.len() as u32;
-        utilz::patch_u32(&mut rom, jmp_s_full + 2, s_full_addr);
-        utilz::patch_u32(&mut rom, jmp_s_set + 2, s_set_addr);
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::SetLocal);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 1); // L1 = S
-
-        // X = 160 - S/2, Y = 90 - S/2
-        for (local_idx, const_idx) in [(2, 0), (3, 1)] {
-            utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-            utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, const_idx);
-            utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::GetLocal);
-            utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 1); // S
-            utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-            utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 6); // 2
-            utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Div);
-            utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Sub);
-            utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::SetLocal);
-            utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, local_idx);
-        }
-
-        // Desenha Quadrado (Logo)
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::GetLocal);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 2); // X
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::GetLocal);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 3); // Y
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::GetLocal);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 1); // W
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::GetLocal);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 1); // H
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 3); // Indigo
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Syscall);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0x1002);
-
-        // Checagem de Saída do Splash (f >= 180 OR START)
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::GetGlobal);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0); // f
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 5); // 180
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Gt); // f > 180 (ou eq, mas gt é mais seguro)
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 8); // Start
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Syscall);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0x2001); // get_pad
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Or);
-        let jmp_splash_continue = rom.len();
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::JmpIfFalse);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0);
-
-        // Validação de Cartucho
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Syscall);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0x0001); // has_cart?
-        let jmp_no_cart_init = rom.len();
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::JmpIfFalse);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0);
-
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Syscall);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0x0002); // run_cart
-
-        // Senão tem cartucho: vai para o SO
-        let no_cart_init_addr = rom.len() as u32;
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 7); // 1
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::SetGlobal);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 1); // G1 = 1 (SO)
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 14); // 0
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::SetGlobal);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0); // f = 0 (reset counter for SO)
-
-        let splash_continue_addr = rom.len() as u32;
-        utilz::patch_u32(&mut rom, jmp_splash_continue + 2, splash_continue_addr);
-        utilz::patch_u32(&mut rom, jmp_no_cart_init + 2, no_cart_init_addr);
-
-        let jmp_end_state = rom.len();
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Jmp);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0);
-
-        // === ESTADO 1: SO ===
-        let so_state_addr = rom.len() as u32;
-        utilz::patch_u32(&mut rom, jmp_to_so + 2, so_state_addr);
-
-        // Desenha "SO" (Quadrado Ciano)
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0); // 160
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 1); // 90
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 2); // 40
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 2); // 40
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 15); // Cyan
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Syscall);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0x1002);
-
-        // Monitora Inserção de Cartucho (Hot-plug) + START
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Syscall);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0x0001); // has_cart?
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 8); // Start
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Syscall);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0x2001); // get_pad
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::And); // has_cart AND START
-        let jmp_so_continue = rom.len();
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::JmpIfFalse);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0);
-
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Syscall);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0x0002); // run_cart
-
-        let so_continue_addr = rom.len() as u32;
-        utilz::patch_u32(&mut rom, jmp_so_continue + 2, so_continue_addr);
-
-        // Incrementa G0 (f)
-        let end_state_addr = rom.len() as u32;
-        utilz::patch_u32(&mut rom, jmp_end_state + 2, end_state_addr);
-
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::GetGlobal);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0);
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 7); // 1
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Add);
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::SetGlobal);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0);
-
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::FrameSync);
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Jmp);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, loop_start);
-
-        Self::new(rom, constant_pool)
-    }
 }
 
 impl Default for VirtualMachine {
     fn default() -> Self {
-        Self::new_boot_rom()
+        Self::new(vec![], vec![])
     }
 }
 
@@ -633,255 +396,3 @@ impl VirtualMachine {
         Ok(())
     }
 }
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use super::*;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_add_instructions() {
-        struct NoopNative;
-        impl NativeInterface for NoopNative {
-            fn syscall(&mut self, _id: u32, _vm: &mut VirtualMachine) -> Result<u64, String> { Ok(0) }
-        }
-        let mut native = NoopNative;
-
-        let mut rom = Vec::new();
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0); // Const index 0
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 1); // Const index 1
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Add);
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Halt);
-
-        let constant_pool = vec![Value::Integer(10), Value::Integer(20)];
-        let mut vm = VirtualMachine::new(rom, constant_pool);
-        
-        vm.run_budget(100, &mut native).unwrap();
-        
-        assert_eq!(vm.operand_stack.len(), 1);
-        assert_eq!(vm.operand_stack[0], Value::Integer(30));
-        assert!(vm.halted);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_jump_and_loop() {
-        struct NoopNative;
-        impl NativeInterface for NoopNative {
-            fn syscall(&mut self, _id: u32, _vm: &mut VirtualMachine) -> Result<u64, String> { Ok(0) }
-        }
-        let mut native = NoopNative;
-
-        let mut rom = Vec::new();
-        // Index 0: PUSH 0 (counter)
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0);
-        
-        // Index 6: DUP
-        let loop_start = rom.len();
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Dup);
-        
-        // PUSH 10
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 1);
-        
-        // LT (counter < 10)
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Lt);
-        
-        // JMP_IF_FALSE to end
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::JmpIfFalse);
-        let jmp_placeholder = rom.len();
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0);
-        
-        // PUSH 1
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 2);
-        
-        // ADD (increment counter)
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Add);
-        
-        // JMP to start
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Jmp);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, loop_start as u32);
-        
-        // End
-        let loop_end = rom.len();
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Halt);
-        
-        // Patch JMP_IF_FALSE addr
-        let end_addr_bytes = (loop_end as u32).to_le_bytes();
-        rom[jmp_placeholder..jmp_placeholder+4].copy_from_slice(&end_addr_bytes);
-
-        let constant_pool = vec![Value::Integer(0), Value::Integer(10), Value::Integer(1)];
-        let mut vm = VirtualMachine::new(rom, constant_pool);
-        
-        vm.run_budget(1000, &mut native).unwrap();
-        
-        assert!(vm.halted);
-        // O valor final na pilha deve ser 10
-        assert_eq!(vm.operand_stack.last(), Some(&Value::Integer(10)));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_native_call_gfx_clear() {
-        struct MockGfx {
-            cleared_color: Option<usize>,
-        }
-        impl NativeInterface for MockGfx {
-            fn syscall(&mut self, id: u32, vm: &mut VirtualMachine) -> Result<u64, String> {
-                if id == 0x1001 {
-                    let color = vm.pop_integer()? as usize;
-                    self.cleared_color = Some(color);
-                    return Ok(100);
-                }
-                Ok(0)
-            }
-        }
-        let mut native = MockGfx { cleared_color: None };
-
-        let mut rom = Vec::new();
-        // PUSH 5 (color index)
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0);
-        // CALL_NATIVE 0x1001
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Syscall);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0x1001);
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Halt);
-
-        let constant_pool = vec![Value::Integer(5)];
-        let mut vm = VirtualMachine::new(rom, constant_pool);
-        
-        vm.run_budget(1000, &mut native).unwrap();
-        
-        assert!(vm.halted);
-        assert_eq!(native.cleared_color, Some(5));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_system_run_cart() {
-        use crate::LogicalHardware;
-        use crate::model::Cartridge;
-        
-        let mut logical_hardware = LogicalHardware::new();
-        
-        // 1. Verifica que não tem cartucho inicialmente
-        let mut rom = Vec::new();
-        // CALL_NATIVE 0x0001 (has_cart)
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Syscall);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0x0001);
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Halt);
-        
-        logical_hardware.vm = VirtualMachine::new(rom, vec![]);
-        let mut vm = std::mem::take(&mut logical_hardware.vm);
-        vm.run_budget(100, &mut logical_hardware).unwrap();
-        logical_hardware.vm = vm;
-        
-        assert_eq!(logical_hardware.vm.pop().unwrap(), Value::Boolean(false));
-        
-        // 2. Adiciona um cartucho e roda
-        let mut cart_rom = Vec::new();
-        // PUSH_CONST 0
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut cart_rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut cart_rom, 0);
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut cart_rom, OpCode::Halt);
-        let cart_pool = vec![Value::Integer(42)];
-        
-        let cart = Cartridge::new(Program::new(cart_rom, cart_pool));
-        logical_hardware.load_cartridge(cart);
-        
-        // Código para rodar o cartucho
-        let mut boot_rom = Vec::new();
-        // CALL_NATIVE 0x0002 (run_cart)
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut boot_rom, OpCode::Syscall);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut boot_rom, 0x0002);
-        
-        logical_hardware.vm = VirtualMachine::new(boot_rom, vec![]);
-        let mut vm = std::mem::take(&mut logical_hardware.vm);
-        vm.run_budget(1000, &mut logical_hardware).unwrap();
-        logical_hardware.vm = vm;
-        
-        // Após o run_budget, a VM deve ter executado o cartucho
-        assert_eq!(logical_hardware.vm.operand_stack.last(), Some(&Value::Integer(42)));
-        assert!(logical_hardware.vm.halted);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_stack_operations() {
-        struct NoopNative;
-        impl NativeInterface for NoopNative {
-            fn syscall(&mut self, _id: u32, _vm: &mut VirtualMachine) -> Result<u64, String> { Ok(0) }
-        }
-        let mut native = NoopNative;
-
-        let mut rom = Vec::new();
-        // PUSH 10, PUSH 20, SWAP, POP
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0);
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 1);
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Swap);
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Pop);
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Halt);
-
-        let constant_pool = vec![Value::Integer(10), Value::Integer(20)];
-        let mut vm = VirtualMachine::new(rom, constant_pool);
-        vm.run_budget(100, &mut native).unwrap();
-
-        assert_eq!(vm.operand_stack.len(), 1);
-        assert_eq!(vm.operand_stack[0], Value::Integer(20));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_logical_operations() {
-        struct NoopNative;
-        impl NativeInterface for NoopNative {
-            fn syscall(&mut self, _id: u32, _vm: &mut VirtualMachine) -> Result<u64, String> { Ok(0) }
-        }
-        let mut native = NoopNative;
-
-        let mut rom = Vec::new();
-        // PUSH true, NOT (-> false), PUSH true, OR (-> true)
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0); // true
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Not);
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0); // true
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Or);
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Halt);
-
-        let constant_pool = vec![Value::Boolean(true)];
-        let mut vm = VirtualMachine::new(rom, constant_pool);
-        vm.run_budget(100, &mut native).unwrap();
-
-        assert_eq!(vm.operand_stack.last(), Some(&Value::Boolean(true)));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_scopes() {
-        struct NoopNative;
-        impl NativeInterface for NoopNative {
-            fn syscall(&mut self, _id: u32, _vm: &mut VirtualMachine) -> Result<u64, String> { Ok(0) }
-        }
-        let mut native = NoopNative;
-
-        let mut rom = Vec::new();
-        // PUSH_SCOPE 2 (reserves 2 nulls), PUSH 42, SET_LOCAL 0, GET_LOCAL 0, POP_SCOPE
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushScope);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 2);
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PushConst);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0); // 42
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::SetLocal);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0);
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::GetLocal);
-        utilz::emit_u32(&mut rom, 0);
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::PopScope);
-        utilz::emit_op(&mut rom, OpCode::Halt);
-
-        let constant_pool = vec![Value::Integer(42)];
-        let mut vm = VirtualMachine::new(rom, constant_pool);
-        vm.run_budget(100, &mut native).unwrap();
-
-        // Stack should be empty because POP_SCOPE truncates to stack_base
-        assert_eq!(vm.operand_stack.len(), 0);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/crates/host_desktop/src/prometeu_runner.rs b/crates/host_desktop/src/prometeu_runner.rs
index 865ffe52..591a8df3 100644
--- a/crates/host_desktop/src/prometeu_runner.rs
+++ b/crates/host_desktop/src/prometeu_runner.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use crate::audio_mixer::AudioMixer;
 use cpal::traits::{DeviceTrait, HostTrait, StreamTrait};
 use pixels::{Pixels, SurfaceTexture};
 use prometeu_core::peripherals::{AudioCommand, InputSignals, OUTPUT_SAMPLE_RATE};
-use prometeu_core::LogicalHardware;
+use prometeu_core::Hardware;
 use ringbuf::traits::{Consumer, Producer, Split};
 use ringbuf::HeapRb;
 use std::sync::Arc;
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ pub struct PrometeuRunner {
     window: Option<&'static Window>,
     pixels: Option<Pixels<'static>>,
 
-    logical_hardware: LogicalHardware,
+    hardware_bridge: Box<Hardware>,
 
     input_signals: InputSignals,
 
@@ -43,11 +43,8 @@ impl PrometeuRunner {
         Self {
             window: None,
             pixels: None,
-
-            logical_hardware: LogicalHardware::new(),
-
+            hardware_bridge: Hardware::new(),
             input_signals: InputSignals::default(),
-
             frame_target_dt: Duration::from_nanos(1_000_000_000 / target_fps),
             last_frame_time: Instant::now(),
             accumulator: Duration::ZERO,
@@ -148,7 +145,7 @@ impl ApplicationHandler for PrometeuRunner {
         let size = window.inner_size();
         let surface_texture = SurfaceTexture::new(size.width, size.height, window);
 
-        let mut pixels = Pixels::new(LogicalHardware::W as u32, LogicalHardware::H as u32, surface_texture)
+        let mut pixels = Pixels::new(Hardware::W as u32, Hardware::H as u32, surface_texture)
             .expect("failed to create Pixels");
 
         pixels.frame_mut().fill(0);
@@ -183,7 +180,7 @@ impl ApplicationHandler for PrometeuRunner {
                     let frame = pixels.frame_mut();
 
                     // Borrow imutável do core (campo diferente, ok)
-                    let src = self.logical_hardware.gfx.front_buffer();
+                    let src = self.hardware_bridge.gfx.front_buffer();
 
                     draw_rgb565_to_rgba8(src, frame);
                 } // <- frame borrow termina aqui
@@ -256,11 +253,11 @@ impl ApplicationHandler for PrometeuRunner {
 
         // 🔥 O coração do determinismo: consome o tempo em fatias exatas de 60Hz
         while self.accumulator >= self.frame_target_dt {
-            self.logical_hardware.step_frame(&self.input_signals);
+            self.hardware_bridge.step_frame(&self.input_signals);
 
             // Envia comandos de áudio gerados neste frame para a thread de áudio
             if let Some(producer) = &mut self.audio_producer {
-                for cmd in self.logical_hardware.audio.commands.drain(..) {
+                for cmd in self.hardware_bridge.audio.commands.drain(..) {
                     let _ = producer.try_push(cmd);
                 }
             }
@@ -282,11 +279,11 @@ impl ApplicationHandler for PrometeuRunner {
         if stats_elapsed >= Duration::from_secs(1) {
             if let Some(window) = self.window {
                 let fps = self.frames_since_last_update as f64 / stats_elapsed.as_secs_f64();
-                let kb = self.logical_hardware.gfx.memory_usage_bytes() as f64 / 1024.0;
+                let kb = self.hardware_bridge.gfx.memory_usage_bytes() as f64 / 1024.0;
 
                 // comparação fixa sempre contra 60Hz, manter mesmo quando fazer teste de stress na CPU
                 let frame_budget_us = 16666.0;
-                let cpu_load_core = (self.logical_hardware.last_frame_cpu_time_us as f64 / frame_budget_us) * 100.0;
+                let cpu_load_core = (self.hardware_bridge.last_frame_cpu_time_us() as f64 / frame_budget_us) * 100.0;
 
                 let cpu_load_audio = if self.audio_load_samples > 0 {
                     // O load real é (tempo total processando) / (tempo total de parede).
@@ -297,7 +294,7 @@ impl ApplicationHandler for PrometeuRunner {
 
                 let title = format!(
                     "PROMETEU | GFX: {:.1} KB | FPS: {:.1} | Load: {:.1}% (C) + {:.1}% (A) | Frame: tick {} logical {}",
-                    kb, fps, cpu_load_core, cpu_load_audio, self.logical_hardware.tick_index, self.logical_hardware.logical_frame_index
+                    kb, fps, cpu_load_core, cpu_load_audio, self.hardware_bridge.tick_index(), self.hardware_bridge.logical_frame_index()
                 );
                 window.set_title(&title);
             }
@@ -316,13 +313,13 @@ impl ApplicationHandler for PrometeuRunner {
 /// Depois podemos fazer letterbox/aspect-ratio correto.
 fn window_to_fb(wx: f32, wy: f32, window: &Window) -> (i32, i32) {
     let size = window.inner_size();
-    let fb_w = LogicalHardware::W as f32;
-    let fb_h = LogicalHardware::H as f32;
+    let fb_w = Hardware::W as f32;
+    let fb_h = Hardware::H as f32;
 
     let x = (wx * fb_w / size.width as f32).floor() as i32;
     let y = (wy * fb_h / size.height as f32).floor() as i32;
 
-    (x.clamp(0, LogicalHardware::W as i32 - 1), y.clamp(0, LogicalHardware::H as i32 - 1))
+    (x.clamp(0, Hardware::W as i32 - 1), y.clamp(0, Hardware::H as i32 - 1))
 }
 
 /// Copia RGB565 (u16) -> RGBA8888 (u8[4]) para o frame do pixels.